BeamContact3D: Difference between revisions

From OpenSeesWiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
(Change terminology to retained/constrained)
 
(2 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown)
Line 4: Line 4:


{|  
{|  
| style="background:yellow; color:black; width:800px" | '''element BeamContact3D $eleTag $iNode $jNode $sNode $lNode $radius $crdTransf $matTag $gTol $fTol <$cFlag$>'''
| style="background:yellow; color:black; width:800px" | '''element BeamContact3D $eleTag $iNode $jNode $cNode $lNode $radius $crdTransf $matTag $gTol $fTol <$cFlag$>'''
|}
|}


Line 11: Line 11:
|  style="width:150px" | '''$eleTag ''' || unique integer tag identifying element object
|  style="width:150px" | '''$eleTag ''' || unique integer tag identifying element object
|-
|-
|  '''$iNode $jNode ''' || master nodes (-ndm 3 -ndof 6)
|  '''$iNode $jNode ''' || retained nodes (-ndm 3 -ndf 6)
|-
|-
|  '''$sNode ''' || slave node (-ndm 3 -ndof 3)
|  '''$cNode ''' || constrained node (-ndm 3 -ndf 3)
|-
|-
|  '''$lNode ''' || Lagrange multiplier node (-ndm 3 -ndof 3)
|  '''$lNode ''' || Lagrange multiplier node (-ndm 3 -ndf 3)
|-
|-
|  '''$radius''' || constant radius of circular beam associated with beam element
|  '''$radius''' || constant radius of circular beam associated with beam element
Line 38: Line 38:




The BeamContact3D element is a three-dimensional beam-to-node contact element which defines a frictional contact interface between a beam element and a separate body.  The master nodes (6 DOF) are the endpoints of the beam element, and the slave node (3 DOF) is a node from a second body.  The Lagrange multiplier node (3 DOF) is required to enforce the contact condition.  Each contact element should have a unique Lagrange multiplier node.  The Lagrange multiplier node should not be fixed, otherwise the contact condition will not work.
The BeamContact3D element is a three-dimensional beam-to-node contact element which defines a frictional contact interface between a beam element and a separate body.  The retained nodes (6 DOF) are the endpoints of the beam element, and the constrained node (3 DOF) is a node from a second body.  The Lagrange multiplier node (3 DOF) is required to enforce the contact condition.  Each contact element should have a unique Lagrange multiplier node.  The Lagrange multiplier node should not be fixed, otherwise the contact condition will not work.


'''NOTE:'''
'''NOTE:'''
Line 44: Line 44:
# The BeamContact3D element has been written to work exclusively with the [[ContactMaterial3D|ContactMaterial3D nDMaterial]] object.
# The BeamContact3D element has been written to work exclusively with the [[ContactMaterial3D|ContactMaterial3D nDMaterial]] object.
# The valid recorder queries for this element are:
# The valid recorder queries for this element are:
## ''force'' - returns the contact force acting on the slave node in vector form.
## ''force'' - returns the contact force acting on the constrained node in vector form.
## ''frictionforce'' - returns the frictional force acting on the slave node in vector form.
## ''frictionforce'' - returns the frictional force acting on the constrained node in vector form.
## ''forcescalar'' - returns the scalar magnitudes of the single normal and two tangential contact forces.
## ''forcescalar'' - returns the scalar magnitudes of the single normal and two tangential contact forces.
## ''masterforce'' - returns the reactions (forces only) acting on the master nodes.
## ''masterforce'' - returns the reactions (forces only) acting on the retained nodes.
## ''mastermoment'' - returns the reactions (moments only) acting on the master nodes.
## ''mastermoment'' - returns the reactions (moments only) acting on the retained nodes.
## ''masterreaction'' - returns the full reactions (forces and moments) acting on the master nodes.
## ''masterreaction'' - returns the full reactions (forces and moments) acting on the retained nodes.
## The BeamContact3D elements are set to consider frictional behavior as a default, but the frictional state of the BeamContact3D element can be changed from the input file using the [[setParameter]] command.  When updating, value of 0 corresponds to the frictionless condition, and a value of 1 signifies the inclusion of friction.  An example command for this update procedure is provided below
## The BeamContact3D elements are set to consider frictional behavior as a default, but the frictional state of the BeamContact3D element can be changed from the input file using the [[setParameter]] command.  When updating, value of 0 corresponds to the frictionless condition, and a value of 1 signifies the inclusion of friction.  An example command for this update procedure is provided below
# The BeamContact3D element works well in static analysis situations.  Extension to transient analysis is underway.
# The BeamContact3D element works well in static and pseudo-static analysis situations.   
#In transient analysis, the presence of the contact constraints can effect the stability of commonly-used time integration methods in the HHT or Newmark family (e.g., Laursen, 2002).  For this reason, use of alternative time-integration methods which numerically damp spurious high frequency behavior may be required.  The [[TRBDF2]] integrator is an effective method for this purpose.  The Newmark integrator can also be effective with proper selection of the gamma and beta coefficients.  The trapezoidal rule, i.e., Newmark with gamma = 0.5 and beta = 0.25, is particularly prone to instability related to the contact constraints and is not recommended.




'''EXAMPLE:'''   
'''EXAMPLES:'''   


BeamContact3D element with tag 1, connectivity with nodes 1, 2, 3, and 4, [[Geometric Transformation Command| geomTransf]] object with tag 1, and material with tag 1
BeamContact3D element with tag 1, connectivity with nodes 1, 2, 3, and 4, beam radius of 0.25, [[Geometric Transformation Command| geomTransf]] object with tag 1, material with tag 1, gap and force tolerances of 1.0e-10, and a contact flag set to assume initial contact.


  element BeamContact3D 1  1 2 3 4  0.25  1 1  1.0e-10 1.0e-10 0
  element BeamContact3D 1  1 2 3 4  0.25  1 1  1.0e-10 1.0e-10 0
Line 63: Line 64:
   
   
  setParameter -value 0 -eleRange 10 20 friction
  setParameter -value 0 -eleRange 10 20 friction
'''REFERENCES:'''
Laursen, T. A. (2002).  ''Computational Contact and Impact Mechanics.''  Springer-Verlag, Berlin.


----
----

Latest revision as of 17:07, 13 June 2020



This command is used to construct a BeamContact3D element object.

element BeamContact3D $eleTag $iNode $jNode $cNode $lNode $radius $crdTransf $matTag $gTol $fTol <$cFlag$>


$eleTag unique integer tag identifying element object
$iNode $jNode retained nodes (-ndm 3 -ndf 6)
$cNode constrained node (-ndm 3 -ndf 3)
$lNode Lagrange multiplier node (-ndm 3 -ndf 3)
$radius constant radius of circular beam associated with beam element
$crdTransf unique integer tag associated with previously-defined geometricTransf object
$matTag unique integer tag associated with previously-defined nDMaterial object
$gTol gap tolerance
$fTol force tolerance
$cFlag optional initial contact flag
$cFlag = 0 >> contact between bodies is initially assumed (DEFAULT)
$cFlag = 1 >> no contact between bodies is initially assumed



The BeamContact3D element is a three-dimensional beam-to-node contact element which defines a frictional contact interface between a beam element and a separate body. The retained nodes (6 DOF) are the endpoints of the beam element, and the constrained node (3 DOF) is a node from a second body. The Lagrange multiplier node (3 DOF) is required to enforce the contact condition. Each contact element should have a unique Lagrange multiplier node. The Lagrange multiplier node should not be fixed, otherwise the contact condition will not work.

NOTE:

  1. The BeamContact3D element has been written to work exclusively with the ContactMaterial3D nDMaterial object.
  2. The valid recorder queries for this element are:
    1. force - returns the contact force acting on the constrained node in vector form.
    2. frictionforce - returns the frictional force acting on the constrained node in vector form.
    3. forcescalar - returns the scalar magnitudes of the single normal and two tangential contact forces.
    4. masterforce - returns the reactions (forces only) acting on the retained nodes.
    5. mastermoment - returns the reactions (moments only) acting on the retained nodes.
    6. masterreaction - returns the full reactions (forces and moments) acting on the retained nodes.
    7. The BeamContact3D elements are set to consider frictional behavior as a default, but the frictional state of the BeamContact3D element can be changed from the input file using the setParameter command. When updating, value of 0 corresponds to the frictionless condition, and a value of 1 signifies the inclusion of friction. An example command for this update procedure is provided below
  3. The BeamContact3D element works well in static and pseudo-static analysis situations.
  4. In transient analysis, the presence of the contact constraints can effect the stability of commonly-used time integration methods in the HHT or Newmark family (e.g., Laursen, 2002). For this reason, use of alternative time-integration methods which numerically damp spurious high frequency behavior may be required. The TRBDF2 integrator is an effective method for this purpose. The Newmark integrator can also be effective with proper selection of the gamma and beta coefficients. The trapezoidal rule, i.e., Newmark with gamma = 0.5 and beta = 0.25, is particularly prone to instability related to the contact constraints and is not recommended.


EXAMPLES:

BeamContact3D element with tag 1, connectivity with nodes 1, 2, 3, and 4, beam radius of 0.25, geomTransf object with tag 1, material with tag 1, gap and force tolerances of 1.0e-10, and a contact flag set to assume initial contact. 

element BeamContact3D 1  1 2 3 4  0.25  1 1  1.0e-10 1.0e-10 0

Update all of the BeamContact3D elements with tags between 10 and 20 to consider a frictionless interface 

setParameter -value 0 -eleRange 10 20 friction


REFERENCES:

Laursen, T. A. (2002). Computational Contact and Impact Mechanics. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

Code Developed by: Kathryn Petek, Pedro Arduino, & Peter Mackenzie-Helnwein, at the University of Washington

Retrieved from "https://opensees.ist.berkeley.edu/wiki/index.php?title=BeamContact3D&oldid=12775"