There are fluctuations in the push curve

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ilyasculha
Posts: 4
Joined: Sun Sep 18, 2022 2:05 am

There are fluctuations in the push curve

Post by ilyasculha »

Hello everyone, I am doing a pushover analysis on a 2D reinforced concrete frame, but there are fluctuations in the push curve.
I think it is wrong.
I would be grateful if you could show me where my mistake is.


The image of the curve is available at the link below.
Image

The codes are as follows;

import openseespy.opensees as ops

import opsvis as opsv

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import math as m

# wipe model
ops.wipe()

# create model
ops.model('basic', '-ndm', 2, '-ndf', 3)

# define geometric parameters of beams and columns

LCol = 3.5 # m

LBeam = 7 # m

# define section dimensions

HCol = 0.45 # m

BCol = 0.45 # m

HBeam = 0.6 # m

BBeam = 0.45 # m

# create nodes

ops.node(1, 0.0, 0.0)
ops.node(2, 0.0, LCol)
ops.node(3, LBeam, 0.0)
ops.node(4, LBeam, LCol)
ops.node(5, 2*LBeam, 0.0)
ops.node(6, 2*LBeam, LCol)
ops.node(7, 0.0, 2*LCol)
ops.node(8, LBeam, 2*LCol)
ops.node(9, 2*LBeam, 2*LCol)

# define boundary condition

ops.fix(1, 1, 1, 1)
ops.fix(3, 1, 1, 1)
ops.fix(5, 1, 1, 1)

# define section tags

ColSecTag = 1 # assign a tag number to the column section

BeamSecTag = 2 # assign a tag number to the beam section

# define column reinforcement properties

coverCol = 4e-2 # m (cover thickness)
numBarsCol = 8 # number of longitudinal - reinforcement bars in each side of column section (synmetric)
DiamBarsCol = 22e-3 # diameter of column bars
BarAreaCol = ((m.pi*pow(DiamBarsCol, 2))/4) # area of longitudinal - reinforcement bars

# define beam reinforcement properties

coverBeam = 4e-2 # m (cover thickness)
numBarsBeam = 6 # number of longitudinal - reinforcement bars in each side of column section (synmetric)
DiamBarsBeam = 22e-3 # diameter of column bars
BarAreaBeam = ((m.pi*pow(DiamBarsCol, 2))/4) # area of longitudinal - reinforcement bars

# define material tags

IDconc_u = 1 # concrete material tag
IDconc_c_b = 2 # concrete material tag for beam
IDconc_c_c = 3 # concrete material tag for column
IDreinf = 4 # steel material tag


# define concrete properties for Concrete material model(unconfined concrete)

#ops.uniaxialMaterial('Concrete01', IDconc_u, -20e3, -0.0014, -18.63e3, -0.0035)
#ops.uniaxialMaterial('Concrete02', IDconc_u, -20e3, 0.0014, -18.63e3, 3.428e-3, 0.023, 0, 0)
ops.uniaxialMaterial( 'Concrete04' , IDconc_u , -20e3 , -0.002 , -0.0035 , 285e5)

# confined model for beam
# define concrete properties for Concrete material model(confined concrete)

#ops.uniaxialMaterial('Concrete01', IDconc_c_b, -20.10e3, -0.00141, -19.47e3, -5.51e-3)
#ops.uniaxialMaterial('Concrete02', IDconc_c_b, -20.10e3, 0.00141, -19.47e3, 5.51e-3, 0.0054, 0, 0)
ops.uniaxialMaterial( 'Concrete04' , IDconc_c_b , -20.10e3 , -0.00205 , -0.0055 , 285e5)

# confined model for column
# define concrete properties for Concrete01 material model(confined concrete)

#ops.uniaxialMaterial('Concrete01', IDconc_c_c, -20.05e3, -0.00141 , -15.9e3, -5.76e-3)
#ops.uniaxialMaterial('Concrete02', IDconc_c_c, -20.05e3, 0.00141, -15.9e3, 5.76e-3, 0.033, 0, 0)
ops.uniaxialMaterial( 'Concrete04' , IDconc_c_c , -20.05e3 , -0.002025 , -0.0057 , 285e5)

# define reinforcing steel properties for Steel01

#Fy = 420e3 # yield strength (kPa)
#E0 = 2e8 # modulus of elasticity (kPa)
#b = 1e-2 # strain hardening ratio

#ops.uniaxialMaterial('Steel01', IDreinf, Fy, E0, b) # create steel material object
ops.uniaxialMaterial('ReinforcingSteel', IDreinf, 420e3, 525e3, 2e8, 1458.33e3, 0.008, 0.08)


################################################################################################################################
################################################################################################################################
#################################---------------DEFINE FIBER SECTION for COLUMN-----------------################################
#################################-------------------SYNMETRIC SECTION---------------------------################################
################################################################################################################################
################################################################################################################################

# define some parameters for columns

coverY = (HCol/2) # The distance from the section z-axis to the edge of the cover concrete -- outer edge of cover concrete
coverZ = (BCol/2) # The distance from the section z-axis to the edge of the cover concrete -- outer edge of cover concrete

coreY = (coverY - coverCol)
coreZ = (coverZ - coverCol)

nfCoreY = 20 # number of fibers in the core patch in the y direction
nfCoreZ = 20 # number of fibers in the core patch in the z direction

# define fiber section

ops.section('Fiber', ColSecTag)

# define the core patch

ops.patch('quad', IDconc_c_c, nfCoreZ, nfCoreY, -coreY, coreZ, -coreY, -coreZ, coreY, -coreZ, coreY, coreZ)

# Define the four cover patches

ops.patch('quad', IDconc_u, 1, 16, -coverY, coverZ, -coverY, coreZ, coverY, coreZ, coverY, coverZ)
ops.patch('quad', IDconc_u, 1, 16, -coverY, -coreZ, -coverY, -coverZ, coverY, -coverZ, coverY, -coreZ)
ops.patch('quad', IDconc_u, 16, 1, -coverY, coreZ, -coverY, -coreZ, -coreY, -coreZ, -coreY, coreZ)
ops.patch('quad', IDconc_u, 16, 1, coreY, coreZ, coreY, -coreZ, coverY, -coreZ, coverY, coreZ)

# Define reinforcing layers

ops.layer('straight', IDreinf, 3, BarAreaCol, coreY, coreZ, coreY, -coreZ)
ops.layer('straight', IDreinf, 3, BarAreaCol, -coreY, coreZ, -coreY, -coreZ)
ops.layer('straight', IDreinf, 2, BarAreaCol, 0, coreZ, 0, -coreZ)

################################################################################################################################
################################################################################################################################
################################---------------PLOT the FIBER SECTION for COLUMN-----------------###############################
#################################-------------------SYNMETRIC SECTION---------------------------################################
################################################################################################################################
################################################################################################################################

fib_sec_1 = [['section', 'Fiber', ColSecTag],
['patch', 'quad', IDconc_c_c, nfCoreZ, nfCoreY, -coreY, coreZ, -coreY, -coreZ, coreY, -coreZ, coreY, coreZ],
['patch', 'quad', IDconc_u, 1, 4, -coverY, coverZ, -coverY, coreZ, coverY, coreZ, coverY, coverZ],
['patch', 'quad', IDconc_u, 1, 4, -coverY, -coreZ, -coverY, -coverZ, coverY, -coverZ, coverY, -coreZ],
['patch', 'quad', IDconc_u, 4, 1, -coverY, coreZ, -coverY, -coreZ, -coreY, -coreZ, -coreY, coreZ],
['patch', 'quad', IDconc_u, 4, 1, coreY, coreZ, coreY, -coreZ, coverY, -coreZ, coverY, coreZ],

['layer', 'straight', IDreinf, 3, BarAreaCol, coreY, coreZ, coreY, -coreZ],
['layer', 'straight', IDreinf, 3, BarAreaCol, -coreY, coreZ, -coreY, -coreZ],
['layer', 'straight', IDreinf, 2, BarAreaCol, 0, coreZ, 0, -coreZ],
]

matcolor = ['r', 'lightgrey', 'gold', 'w', 'w', 'w']
opsv.plot_fiber_section(fib_sec_1, matcolor = matcolor)
plt.axis('equal')
# plt.savefig('fibsec_rc.png')
plt.show()

################################################################################################################################
################################################################################################################################
#################################---------------DEFINE FIBER SECTION for BEAM-------------------################################
#################################-------------------SYNMETRIC SECTION---------------------------################################
################################################################################################################################
################################################################################################################################

# define some parameters for beams

coverY_Beam = (HBeam/2) # The distance from the section z-axis to the edge of the cover concrete -- outer edge of cover concrete
coverZ_Beam = (BBeam/2) # The distance from the section z-axis to the edge of the cover concrete -- outer edge of cover concrete

coreY_Beam = (coverY_Beam - coverBeam)
coreZ_Beam = (coverZ_Beam - coverBeam)

nfCoreY_B = 20 # number of fibers in the core patch in the y direction
nfCoreZ_B = 16 # number of fibers in the core patch in the z direction

# define fiber section

ops.section('Fiber', BeamSecTag)

# define the core patch

ops.patch('quad', IDconc_c_b, nfCoreZ_B, nfCoreY_B, -coreY_Beam, coreZ_Beam, -coreY_Beam, -coreZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, -coreZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, coreZ_Beam)

# Define the four cover patches

ops.patch('quad', IDconc_u, 1, 16, -coreY_Beam, coverZ_Beam, -coreY_Beam, coreZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, coreZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, coverZ_Beam)
ops.patch('quad', IDconc_u, 1, 16, -coreY_Beam, -coreZ_Beam, -coreY_Beam, -coverZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, -coverZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, -coreZ_Beam)
ops.patch('quad', IDconc_u, 12, 1, -coverY_Beam, coverZ_Beam, -coverY_Beam, -coverZ_Beam, -coreY_Beam, -coverZ_Beam, -coreY_Beam, coverZ_Beam)
ops.patch('quad', IDconc_u, 12, 1, coreY_Beam, coverZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, -coverZ_Beam, coverY_Beam, -coverZ_Beam, coverY_Beam, coverZ_Beam)

# Define reinforcing layers

ops.layer('straight', IDreinf, 3, BarAreaBeam, coreY_Beam, coreZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, -coreZ_Beam)
ops.layer('straight', IDreinf, 3, BarAreaBeam, -coreY_Beam, coreZ_Beam, -coreY_Beam, -coreZ_Beam)

################################################################################################################################
################################---------------PLOT the FIBER SECTION for BEAM-----------------###############################
#################################-------------------SYNMETRIC SECTION---------------------------################################
################################################################################################################################
################################################################################################################################

fib_sec_2 = [['section', 'Fiber', BeamSecTag],
['patch', 'quad', IDconc_c_b, nfCoreZ_B, nfCoreY_B, -coreY_Beam, coreZ_Beam, -coreY_Beam, -coreZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, -coreZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, coreZ_Beam],
['patch', 'quad', IDconc_u, 1, 10, -coreY_Beam, coverZ_Beam, -coreY_Beam, coreZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, coreZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, coverZ_Beam],
['patch', 'quad', IDconc_u, 1, 10, -coreY_Beam, -coreZ_Beam, -coreY_Beam, -coverZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, -coverZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, -coreZ_Beam],
['patch', 'quad', IDconc_u, 8, 1, -coverY_Beam, coverZ_Beam, -coverY_Beam, -coverZ_Beam, -coreY_Beam, -coverZ_Beam, -coreY_Beam, coverZ_Beam],
['patch', 'quad', IDconc_u, 8, 1, coreY_Beam, coverZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, -coverZ_Beam, coverY_Beam, -coverZ_Beam, coverY_Beam, coverZ_Beam],

['layer', 'straight', IDreinf, 3, BarAreaBeam, coreY_Beam, coreZ_Beam, coreY_Beam, -coreZ_Beam],
['layer', 'straight', IDreinf, 3, BarAreaBeam, -coreY_Beam, coreZ_Beam, -coreY_Beam, -coreZ_Beam],
]

matcolor = ['r', 'lightgrey', 'gold', 'w', 'w', 'w']
opsv.plot_fiber_section(fib_sec_2, matcolor = matcolor)
plt.axis('equal')
# plt.savefig('fibsec_rc_beam.png')
plt.show()

# define elastic section for columns

ACol = HCol*BCol

ICol_1 = ((BCol*HCol**3)/12)*0.14
ICol_2 = ((BCol*HCol**3)/12)*0.15
ICol_3 = ((BCol*HCol**3)/12)*0.16

HBeam = 0.60 # m
BBeam = 0.45 # m
ABeam = HBeam*BBeam
IBeam = ((BBeam*HBeam**3)/12)*0.13

ops.section('Elastic', 7, 285e5, ACol, ICol_1) # Column type_1
ops.section('Elastic', 8, 285e5, ACol, ICol_2) # Column type_2
ops.section('Elastic', 9, 285e5, ACol, ICol_3) # Column type_3

ops.section('Elastic', 10, 285e5, ABeam, IBeam) # Beam

# define geomTransf

ColTransfTag = 1 # associate a tag to column transformation
BeamTransfTag = 2 # associate a tag to beam transformation

ColTransfType = 'Linear'
BeamTransfType = 'Linear'

ops.geomTransf(ColTransfType, ColTransfTag) # geometric transfer type for columns
ops.geomTransf(BeamTransfType, BeamTransfTag) # geometric transfer type for beams


# create beamIntegration
Lp_Beam = 0.5*HBeam
Lp_Col = 0.5*HCol
ops.beamIntegration('HingeRadau', 1, ColSecTag, Lp_Col, ColSecTag, Lp_Col, 7) # Column type_1
ops.beamIntegration('HingeRadau', 2, ColSecTag, Lp_Col, ColSecTag, Lp_Col, 8) # Column type_2
ops.beamIntegration('HingeRadau', 3, ColSecTag, Lp_Col, ColSecTag, Lp_Col, 9) # Column type_3
ops.beamIntegration('HingeRadau', 4, BeamSecTag, Lp_Beam, BeamSecTag, Lp_Beam, 10) # Beam



# defined element

ops.element('forceBeamColumn', 1, 1, 2, ColTransfTag, 2)
ops.element('forceBeamColumn', 2, 2, 7, ColTransfTag, 1)
ops.element('forceBeamColumn', 3, 3, 4, ColTransfTag, 3)
ops.element('forceBeamColumn', 4, 4, 8, ColTransfTag, 2)
ops.element('forceBeamColumn', 5, 5, 6, ColTransfTag, 2)
ops.element('forceBeamColumn', 6, 6, 9, ColTransfTag, 1)

ops.element('forceBeamColumn', 7, 2, 4, BeamTransfTag, 4)
ops.element('forceBeamColumn', 8, 7, 8, BeamTransfTag, 4)
ops.element('forceBeamColumn', 9, 4, 6, BeamTransfTag, 4)
ops.element('forceBeamColumn', 10, 8, 9, BeamTransfTag, 4)

# define recorders
# displacement of free nodes

ops.recorder('Node', '-file', 'DİSPLACEMENT.out', '-time', '-node', 7, 8, 9, '-dof', 1, 'disp')
ops.recorder('Node', '-file', 'BASE_SHEAR.out', '-time', '-node', 1, 3, 5, '-dof', 1, 'reaction')

# define vertical load

ops.timeSeries('Linear', 1)

ops.pattern('Plain', 1, 1)

ops.eleLoad('-ele', 7, '-type', '-beamUniform', -23, 0, 0, 7)
ops.eleLoad('-ele', 8, '-type', '-beamUniform', -23, 0, 0, 7)
ops.eleLoad('-ele', 9, '-type', '-beamUniform', -23, 0, 0, 7)
ops.eleLoad('-ele', 10, '-type', '-beamUniform', -23, 0, 0, 7)

# define analysis objects

ops.constraints('Plain')

ops.numberer('Plain')

ops.system('BandGen')

ops.test('NormDispIncr', 1e-7, 10)

ops.algorithm('Newton')

Nstep = 10
Dstep = (1/Nstep)

ops.integrator('LoadControl', Dstep)

ops.analysis('Static')

ops.analyze(Nstep)

# Static Pushover Analysis

ops.wipeAnalysis()

ops.loadConst('-time', 0.0)

IDctrlNode = 7
IDctrlDOF = 1

Dmax = 0.5
Dincr = 0.005

ops.timeSeries('Linear', 2)

ops.pattern('Plain', 2, 2)

ops.load(7, 2, 0.0, 0.0)
ops.load(2, 1, 0.0, 0.0)



# define static pushover analysis objects

ops.constraints('Plain')

ops.numberer('Plain')

ops.system('BandGen')

tol = 1e-4
iter = 1900

ops.test('NormDispIncr', tol, iter, 0, 2)
#ops.test('RelativeNormDispIncr', 1e-7, 2000)
#ops.test('RelativeTotalNormDispIncr', tol, iter)

#ops.algorithm('Newton')
ops.algorithm('Newton')

ops.integrator('DisplacementControl', IDctrlNode, IDctrlDOF, Dincr)
ops.analysis('Static')

Nsteps = int(Dmax/Dincr)
ops.analyze(Nsteps)
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